Brain Infection

                Brain Infection

Endocarditis is usually caused by an infection with bacteria, fungi or other germs.

The germs enter the bloodstream and travel to the heart.

In the heart, they attach to damaged heart valves or damaged heart tissue.

Usually, the body's immune system destroys any harmful bacteria that enter the bloodstream.

A heart infection, also known as infective endocarditis, is a serious condition where germs (usually bacteria) enter the bloodstream and attach to the heart valves or lining, causing inflammation and potential damage.

The most common types are endocarditis, myocarditis, and pericarditis.

Causes:

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites:

:These pathogens can enter the bloodstream and travel to the heart, particularly if there's damage to heart valves or tissue.

Risk factors for endocarditis:

:Older age, artificial heart valves, damaged heart valves, congenital heart defects, intravenous drug use, and a history of endocarditis can increase the risk of infection.

Types of Heart Infections:

Endocarditis:

             Infection of the lining of the heart valves and sometimes the chambers.

Myocarditis:

            Inflammation of the heart muscle.

Pericarditis:

            Inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart.

Symptoms:

Endocarditis:

             Fever, chills, fatigue, night sweats, joint pain, new or worsening heart murmur, and shortness of breath.

Myocarditis:

           Chest pain, shortness of breath, unusual tiredness, and fluid buildup.

Pericarditis:

            Chest pain, fever, and fatigue.

Diagnosis and Treatment:

Diagnosis often involves blood tests, echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart), and possibly a heart biopsy.

Treatment usually involves antibiotics, sometimes combined with antiviral or antifungal medications depending on the type of infection.

Surgery may be necessary in severe cases to repair or replace damaged heart valves.

Prevention:

Maintain good oral hygiene:

                          Regular brushing and flossing can help prevent bacteria from entering the bloodstream from the mouth.

Prevent IV drug use:

                   This is a major risk factor for endocarditis.

Manage underlying heart conditions:

                                  Treating conditions like rheumatic fever or congenital heart defects can reduce the risk of infection.